AGENDA #3
MEMORANDUM
TO: Mayor and Town Council
FROM: W. Calvin Horton, Town Manager
SUBJECT: Public Hearing: Land Use Management Ordinance Text Amendment, Changes to Bicycle and Vehicular Parking Regulations
DATE: February 21, 2005
This Public Hearing has been called to consider changes to the Land Use Management Ordinance bicycle and parking regulations. Attached is a report from Transportation Consultant Ray Moe on Chapel Hill’s parking regulations. The report describes the Town’s parking patterns and includes recommendations for changes to bicycle and vehicular parking regulations.
BACKGROUND
During the fall of 2003, we began work on a study of parking patterns in Chapel Hill. The purpose of the study is to determine how much parking is needed for different types of land use, specifically for Chapel Hill. The objective is to adjust the Town’s parking requirements that are contained in the Land Use Management Ordinance, based on empirical, local data and most recent national standards. The Council received the consultant’s report on November 22, 2004, and scheduled the hearing for tonight. Advisory boards were provided with a copy of the parking study last December.
DISCUSSION
The attached report provides detailed discussion of the recommendations for proposed minimum and maximum vehicular parking requirements, and for adjustments to bicycle parking requirements. Currently, the Land Use Management Ordinance provides only minimum off-street parking requirements for automobiles, and a requirement for bicycle parking based on a percentage of required automobile parking. The proposed changes would adjust the minimum requirements and introduce the concept of maximum vehicular parking. The only new use introduced into the table of parking regulations is that of “Movie Theatre”.
Changes to other parking sections, beyond the current minimum requirements, are not proposed. For example, no changes are proposed to the impervious surface limits of the Land Use Management Ordinance or to the front yard parking limitation for residential uses. Also, no changes are proposed to the existing flexible provisions of the Ordinance pertaining to parking in the downtown which provides for alternative means of satisfying minimum parking requirements such as providing off-site parking, providing a transportation management plan, and payments-in-lieu of providing parking.
We believe that the recommended changes are desirable, and would address the Council’s objectives of helping to minimize the growth of paved parking areas and promoting non-automobile alternative for transportation. We suggest three areas for adjustment in the consultant’s recommendations:
1. For single-family dwelling units, we recommend no minimum or maximum parking requirements. Many single-family dwelling units in town currently exceed the proposed maximum number of parking spaces (three). A three-car garage with parking spaces in front of each garage bay would exceed the maximum provision by three spaces, for example.
2. For two-family dwelling units, we recommend no minimum parking requirements. In addition, for two-family dwelling units, we recommend that a footnote be added which indicates, for the purposes of calculating the maximum number of vehicular parking spaces, garage spaces and the driveway are not to be counted.
3. We recommend the elimination of a maximum parking requirement for Public Use Facilities. For Public Use Facilities, such as a Town park, the consultant’s proposal would impose a maximum for vehicular parking based on the proposed square footage of the buildings on site. When we applied the new standard to the Southern Community Park, for example, we found that the maximum parking allowed would be well short of needs, because so much of the park usage would be related to outdoor playing fields; relatively little building square footage is proposed.
These adjustments, in addition to correction of one typographical error for the maximum vehicular parking allowed for elementary and middles schools, are incorporated in the attached Ordinances.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Planning Board Recommendation: The Planning Board is scheduled to make a recommendation on February 15, 2005. When the recommendation is available, we will provide it to the Council.
Transportation Board Recommendation: The Transportation Board is scheduled to make a recommendation on February 15, 2005. When the recommendation is available, we will provide it to the Council.
Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board Recommendation: The Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board reviewed the proposed changes on January 25, 2005, and voted unanimously to recommend the changes with adjustments to the bicycle parking provisions as identified in the attached Ordinance B. Please refer to the attached Summary of Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board Action.
Community Design Commission Recommendation: The Community Design Commission is scheduled to make a recommendation on February 16, 2005. When the recommendation is available, we will provide it to the Council.
Manager’s Preliminary Recommendation: Our preliminary recommendation is that the Town Council enact the attached Ordinance A. Ordinance A is based on the Consultant’s recommended proposal and includes the changes noted above. Following the public hearing, we may propose further adjustments to reflect suggestions offered by citizens and Advisory Boards.
Ordinance B incorporates the recommendations of the Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board and includes the changes noted above.
ATTACHMENTS
Additional Information From the Planning Board
ORDINANCE A
(Manager’s Preliminary Recommendation)
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE CHAPEL HILL LAND USE MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE to CHANGE PARKING REGULATIONS
WHEREAS, the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill has commissioned a study of parking patterns in Chapel Hill; and
WHEREAS, the consultant, LSA Associates, Inc., has provided the results of the study with recommendations for changes to the Land Use Management Ordinance provisions; and
WHEREAS, the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill has considered the proposed text amendments to the Land Use Management Ordinance and finds that the amendments are warranted in order to achieve the purposes of the Comprehensive Plan;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill as follows:
“5.9.7 Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Space Requirements
The following minimum and maximum bicycle and vehicular parking requirements shall apply for the appropriate use and zoning district. Bicycle and vehicular parking requirements shall not apply for uses located within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
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The following minimum
vehicular parking space requirements shall apply for the appropriate use and
zoning district. Parking space requirements shall not apply for uses
located within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
A reduction of up to twenty percent (20%) of the minimum number of required vehicular parking spaces may be permitted through the granting of a minor variance by the Board of Adjustment if, based on substantial evidence in the record of its proceedings, the Board finds that compliance with the full minimum off-street vehicular parking space requirements of this section would necessitate the removal of or would seriously endanger significant specimen trees on or adjacent to the zoning lot on which such parking is required.
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Town Center Zoning Districts |
Non Town Center Zoning Districts* |
Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements* |
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Minimum Number of Parking Spaces |
Maximum Number of Parking Spaces |
Minimum Number of Parking Spaces |
Maximum Number of Parking Spaces |
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Automobile, trailer, and farm implement sales or rental |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
N/A |
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Bank |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 150 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Business, Convenience Restaurant |
1 per 175 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 110 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 110 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 75 sq. ft of floor area |
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Other convenience business |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Business, general (retail) |
1 per 450 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 200 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Business, office-type |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Clinic |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 225 sq. ft. floor area |
1 per 200 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Dwelling, single-family |
N/A |
N/A |
2 per dwelling unit |
3 per dwelling unit |
N/A |
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Dwelling, two-family** or multi-family |
Efficiency |
2/3 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1 per 6 dwelling units |
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1 bedrooms |
2/3 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
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2 bedrooms |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1.4 per dwelling unit |
1.75 per dwelling unit |
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3 bedrooms |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1.5 per dwelling unit |
1.75 per dwelling unit |
2.25 per dwelling unit |
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4 or more bedrooms |
1.33 per dwelling unit |
1.67 per dwelling unit |
2 per dwelling unit |
2.5 per dwelling unit |
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Fraternity or sorority house |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.25 residents |
1 per 3 residents |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 3 residents |
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Group Care Facility |
1 per 4 beds |
1 per 2 beds |
1 per 4 beds |
1 per 2 beds |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Hospital |
1 per 1.5 beds |
1 per 1 beds |
1 per 1.5 beds |
1 per 1 beds |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Hotel or motel |
0.6 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
1 per 15 lodging units |
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Maintenance and/or storage facility |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. |
1 per 1,500 sq. ft. |
N/A |
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Manufacturing, light |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per 1,250 sq. ft. |
1 per 900 sq. ft. |
N/A |
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Mobile home park |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per unit |
2 per unit |
N/A |
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Movie Theatre |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 4 seats |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 4 seats |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Personal services |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. of floor area |
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Place of assembly |
1 per 6 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 4 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 4 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 2.5 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Place of worship |
N/A: exempted from parking requirements |
N/A: exempted from parking requirements |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 2 seats |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Public cultural facility |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Public use facility |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
N/A |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
N/A |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Research activities |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 225 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Residence hall |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.5 residents |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.5 residents |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Residential support facility |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Rooming house |
0.5 per lodging unit |
0.75 per lodging unit |
0.75 per lodging unit |
1 per lodging unit |
1 per 3 lodging units |
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School, elementary, middle |
1 per 1.25 staff member |
1 per staff member |
1 per staff member |
1 per 1.25 staff member |
1 per 10 students |
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School, secondary, high school 9-12 |
1 per 4 students |
1 per 3 students |
1 per 4 students |
1 per 3 students |
1 per 10 students |
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Shelter |
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 650 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 650 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 employees |
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Tourist home |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
1 per 3 lodging units |
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* Minimum vehicular and bicycle parking requirements shall not apply for uses located within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
** For a two-family dwelling unit, no minimum vehicular parking requirement shall apply and for the purposes of calculating the maximum number of vehicular parking spaces, garage spaces and the driveway are not to be counted.
Note: The minimum number of parking spaces required for elderly or handicapped dwellings may be reduced to 1 per 2 dwelling units upon findings made by the Town Council that (1) reasonable assurances exist that the dwelling units served by the parking spaces will be maintained for occupancy by the elderly or handicapped and/or (2) that sufficient space exists on the property to ensure that should the units be converted to another form of occupancy or use, that sufficient parking can be provided on the site to satisfy the parking requirements of the new use, without violating the land use intensities of Table 3.8-1.
In the case of a use not listed above, the minimum and maximum bicycle and vehicular parking space requirements shall be determined by the Town Manager. In making such determinations, the Town Manager shall be guided by the requirements for similar uses, the number and kind of bicycles and vehicles likely to be attracted to the use, and studies of minimum parking space requirements for such use in other jurisdictions.
Minimum vehicular parking requirements for an individual site may be reduced by the Town Council in the context of a Special Use Permit approval, or the Planning Board in the context of a Site Plan Review approval, if evidence is submitted to demonstrate and the Town Council, or Planning Board, finds that:
(a) Sidewalks, bicycle facilities, transit service and transit amenities are in place such that, together with the number of vehicular parking spaces that are proposed, transportation needs are adequately served; or
(b) The particular use that would be specified in the Special Use Permit is of a nature that generates lower-than-average trips, and that the Special use Permit would limit use of the property to what is specified; or
(c) Arrangements for shared parking with nearby facilities is ensured. ”
Section 2. That all ordinances and portions of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
Section 3. That these amendments shall become effective upon enactment.
This the ___ day of ____, 2005.
ORDINANCE B
(Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Board Recommendation)
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE CHAPEL HILL LAND USE MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE to CHANGE PARKING REGULATIONS
WHEREAS, the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill has commissioned a study of parking patterns in Chapel Hill; and
WHEREAS, the consultant, LSA Associates, Inc., has provided the results of the study with recommendations for changes to the Land Use Management Ordinance provisions; and
WHEREAS, the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill has considered the proposed text amendments to the Land Use Management Ordinance and finds that the amendments are warranted in order to achieve the purposes of the Comprehensive Plan;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill as follows:
“5.9.7 Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Space Requirements
The following minimum and maximum bicycle and vehicular parking requirements shall apply for the appropriate use and zoning district. Bicycle and vehicular parking requirements shall not apply for uses located within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
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The following minimum vehicular
parking space requirements shall apply for the appropriate use and zoning
district. Parking space requirements shall not apply for uses located
within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
A reduction of up to twenty percent (20%) of the minimum number of required vehicular parking spaces may be permitted through the granting of a minor variance by the Board of Adjustment if, based on substantial evidence in the record of its proceedings, the Board finds that compliance with the full minimum off-street vehicular parking space requirements of this section would necessitate the removal of or would seriously endanger significant specimen trees on or adjacent to the zoning lot on which such parking is required.
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Use |
Town Center Zoning Districts |
Non Town Center Zoning Districts* |
Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements* |
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Minimum Number of Parking Spaces |
Maximum Number of Parking Spaces |
Minimum Number of Parking Spaces |
Maximum Number of Parking Spaces |
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Automobile, trailer, and farm implement sales or rental |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of enclosed exhibit area |
N/A |
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Bank |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 150 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Business, Convenience Restaurant |
1 per 175 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 110 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 110 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 75 sq. ft of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Other convenience business |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Business, general (retail) |
1 per 450 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 200 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Business, office-type |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Clinic |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 225 sq. ft. floor area |
1 per 200 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Dwelling, single-family |
N/A |
N/A |
2 per dwelling unit |
3 per dwelling unit |
N/A |
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Dwelling, two-family** or multi-family |
Efficiency |
2/3 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit plus 1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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1 bedrooms |
2/3 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
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2 bedrooms |
1 per dwelling unit |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1.4 per dwelling unit |
1.75 per dwelling unit |
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3 bedrooms |
1.25 per dwelling unit |
1.5 per dwelling unit |
1.75 per dwelling unit |
2.25 per dwelling unit |
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4 or more bedrooms |
1.33 per dwelling unit |
1.67 per dwelling unit |
2 per dwelling unit |
2.5 per dwelling unit |
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Fraternity or sorority house |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.25 residents |
1 per 3 residents |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 3 residents |
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Group Care Facility |
1 per 4 beds |
1 per 2 beds |
1 per 4 beds |
1 per 2 beds |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Hospital |
1 per 1.5 beds |
1 per 1 beds |
1 per 1.5 beds |
1 per 1 beds |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Hotel or motel |
0.6 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
1 per 15 lodging units |
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Maintenance and/or storage facility |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per 2,500 sq. ft. |
1 per 1,500 sq. ft. |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Manufacturing, light |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per 1,250 sq. ft. |
1 per 900 sq. ft. |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Mobile home park |
N/A |
N/A |
1 per unit |
2 per unit |
N/A |
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Movie Theatre |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 4 seats |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 4 seats |
1 per 4 automobile spaces |
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Personal services |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 375 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Place of assembly |
1 per 6 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 4 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 4 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 2.5 persons the use is designated to accommodate |
1 per 4 automobile spaces |
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Place of worship |
N/A: exempted from parking requirements |
N/A: exempted from parking requirements |
1 per 5 seats |
1 per 2 seats |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Public cultural facility |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 4 automobile spaces |
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Public use facility |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
N/A |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
N/A |
1 per 4 automobile spaces |
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Research activities |
1 per 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 250 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 225 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Residence hall |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.5 residents |
1 per 2 residents |
1 per 1.5 residents |
1 per 3 residents |
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Residential support facility |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 350 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 automobile spaces |
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Rooming house |
0.5 per lodging unit |
0.75 per lodging unit |
0.75 per lodging unit |
1 per lodging unit |
1 per 3 lodging units |
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School, elementary, middle |
1 per 1.25 staff member |
1 per staff member |
1 per staff member |
1 per 1.25 staff member |
1 per 3 students |
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School, secondary, high school 9-12 |
1 per 4 students |
1 per 3 students |
1 per 4 students |
1 per 3 students |
1 per 3 students |
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Shelter |
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 650 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 650 sq. ft. of floor area |
1 per 10 employees |
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Tourist home |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
0.9 per lodging unit |
1.25 per lodging unit |
1 per 3 lodging units |
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* Minimum vehicular and bicycle parking requirements shall not apply for uses located within the Office/Institutional-3 or Office/Institutional-4 Districts.
** For a two-family dwelling unit, no minimum vehicular parking requirement shall apply and for the purposes of calculating the maximum number of vehicular parking spaces, garage spaces and the driveway are not to be counted.
Note: The minimum number of parking spaces required for elderly or handicapped dwellings may be reduced to 1 per 2 dwelling units upon findings made by the Town Council that (1) reasonable assurances exist that the dwelling units served by the parking spaces will be maintained for occupancy by the elderly or handicapped and/or (2) that sufficient space exists on the property to ensure that should the units be converted to another form of occupancy or use, that sufficient parking can be provided on the site to satisfy the parking requirements of the new use, without violating the land use intensities of Table 3.8-1.
In the case of a use not listed above, the minimum and maximum bicycle and vehicular parking space requirements shall be determined by the Town Manager. In making such determinations, the Town Manager shall be guided by the requirements for similar uses, the number and kind of bicycles and vehicles likely to be attracted to the use, and studies of minimum parking space requirements for such use in other jurisdictions.
Minimum vehicular parking requirements for an individual site may be reduced by the Town Council in the context of a Special Use Permit approval, or the Planning Board in the context of a Site Plan Review approval, if evidence is submitted to demonstrate and the Town Council, or Planning Board, finds that:
(d) Sidewalks, bicycle facilities, transit service and transit amenities are in place such that, together with the number of vehicular parking spaces that are proposed, transportation needs are adequately served; or
(e) The particular use that would be specified in the Special Use Permit is of a nature that generates lower-than-average trips, and that the Special use Permit would limit use of the property to what is specified; or
(f) Arrangements for shared parking with nearby facilities is ensured. ”
Section 2. That all ordinances and portions of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
Section 3. That these amendments shall become effective upon enactment.
This the ___ day of ____, 2005.